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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Mineral Leasing Act of 1920 ： ウィキペディア英語版 Mineral Leasing Act of 1920 The Mineral Leasing Act of 1920 et seq. is a United States federal law that authorizes and governs leasing of public lands for developing deposits of coal, petroleum, natural gas and other hydrocarbons, in addition to phosphates, sodium, sulfur, and potassium in the United States. Previous to the act, these materials were subject to mining claims under the General Mining Act of 1872. ==Background== Previous to the Mineral Leasing Act of 1920, the General Mining Act of 1872 authorized citizens to freely prospect for minerals on public lands and allowed a discoverer to stake claims to both minerals and surrounding lands for development. This open-access policy enabled a major oil rush in the West, in 1909 prompting U.S. Geological Survey Director George Otis Smith to warn Secretary of the Interior Ballinger that oil lands were being claimed so quickly they would be unavailable within a few months.〔Hayes, Samuel. Conservation and the ''Gospel of Efficiency: The Progressive Conservation Movement, 1890–1920'' (University of Pittsburgh Press, 1999), pp 89–90〕 Ballinger notified President Taft who promptly created the first American oil reserve by executive order on September 27, 1909, withdrawing of public lands in California and Wyoming from further claims, and reserving the oil for use by the United States Navy.〔Lita Epstein, C.D. Jaco, and Julianne C. Iwersen-Niemann, ''The Complete Idiot's Guide to the Politics of Oil'' (Alpha Books, 2003), pp 131–132〕 Congress ratified the president's authority to set aside federally owned lands with the passing of the Pickett Act () in 1910. The Supreme Court further affirmed the president's constitutional power to withdraw public land from use in . Following these events, Congress enacted the Mineral Leasing Act of 1920 which dictated a system of leasing and development for mining interests on federally owned lands. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mineral Leasing Act of 1920」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.